Correction results of atypical clubfeet managed with modified Ponseti technique: A meta-analysis of 354 feet

Background/purposeAtypical clubfeet are distinct from idiopathic clubfeet. It is resistant to correction by conventional casting methods and often requires a modification of Ponseti's casting technique. Although the initial correction rates are reasonable, relapse and complications are frequent. There is limited literature on the results of modified Ponseti casting of these feet. We conducted this meta-analysis to study a few important aspects of atypical/complex clubfeet treatment by the modified Ponseti technique.Research questionWhat are the results of atypical or complex clubfeet after treatment by the modified Ponseti technique?MethodologyFive electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane Library) were searched for articles reporting on the results of atypical/complex clubfeet treated by the modified Ponseti technique. Details of the number of casts required for correction, rate of percutaneous Achilles tenotomy (PAT), other soft tissue procedures required, complications, and relapse rates were extracted into spreadsheets, and meta-analysis was carried out using OpenMeta Analyst software.ResultsTen studies were included for analysis with a total of 240 patients with 354 clubfeet. The initial correction was achieved in all feet. A pooled analysis of the data showed that a mean of six casts was required for the initial correction. The rate of PAT was 98.3%. The overall complication rate was 16.8%. 7.2% required an additional soft tissue procedure apart from the PAT, and relapse of the deformity was observed in a mean of 19.8% cases.ConclusionModified Ponseti technique is effective in the initial management of atypical/complex clubfeet. Although the PAT rate is slightly higher in the Modified Ponseti technique, the remaining result parameters are comparable with the results of idiopathic clubfoot managed with the Ponseti method of casting. However, these children should be kept under follow-up for a longer duration to find the exact relapse rates.     

滋肾育胎丸加减方预防ACA阳性者不良妊娠结局的效果及机制研究＊

目的 探讨滋肾育胎丸加减方预防抗磷脂抗体（ACA）阳性者不良妊娠结局的效果及机制研究。方法 选取2016年2月至2019年2月我院收治的89例ACA阳性，先兆性流产或有习惯性流产（RSA）史患者，将采用西医治疗的40例作为对照组，将采用西医联合滋肾育胎丸加减方治疗的49例作为观察组，比较两组中医证候疗效、中医证候积分、ACA-IgA、ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG、凝血指标［血小板聚集功能（PAF）、活化蛋白C（PC）、抗凝血酶（AT）、纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1（PAI-1）］、Th1/Th2细胞因子［干扰素γ（IFN-γ）、白介素-2（IL-2）、白介素-4（IL-4）、白介素-10（IL-10）］、妊娠结局、安全性。结果 治疗2周后检测ACA，观察组2例未降低，对照组11例未降低，观察组未降低患者占比低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组总有效率100.00%高于对照组85.00%（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后中医证候积分低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后ACA-IgA、ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后PAF、PAI-1低于对照组，PC、AT高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后IFN-γ、IL-2低于对照组，IL-4、IL-10高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组活产率95.92%高于对照组80.00%（P<0.05）；组间不良反应总发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 动态监测ACA对滋肾育胎丸加减方精准应用具有指导意义，指导滋肾育胎丸加减方通过调理脏腑、气血、经络功能，改善先兆性流产或有RSA史患者临床症状及凝血因子指标，降低ACA水平，并可改善患者免疫耐受功能，提高胎儿活产率，且安全性高。     

《针灸大成》关于气海穴临床应用的文献研究

目的:通过检索《针灸大成》中与气海穴治疗作用相关的文献条文,总结气海穴在治疗各系统疾病中运用频次较高的疾病及其配穴规律,为临床针灸对气海穴的使用提供理论支持。方法:以《中华医典》(第五版)中《针灸大成》作为文献检索来源,将气海穴及气海穴的别称“脖胦”“下肓”“丹田”“肓之原”“肓原”“下言”和“气泽”为检索词,用计算机检索工具及人工检索相结合的方法检索符合要求的文献条文,通过建立本研究的数据库,频次分析、条形统计图比较分析等方法,总结出气海穴在治疗各系统疾病中的运用频次及其配穴规律。结果:在《针灸大成》所涉及的条文中,气海穴尤善治疗内科疾病,在治疗内科疾病中排名前3位的是脾胃系病症、气血津液疾病、肾系病症和妇科疾病,气海穴配穴习惯为上下配穴法,同名经配穴法,以及前后配穴法,其中主要为前后配穴法和同名经配穴法。结论:气海穴《针灸大成》中单穴应用占比最高,而在气海穴众多配穴中,运用了本经配穴法、上下配穴法、前后配穴法,配穴归经主要来自任脉和足太阳膀胱经。同名经配穴法,同气相求,可增加疗效;与气海穴配伍较多的足太阳膀胱经以背腧穴为主,此为前后配穴法,亦称腹背阴阳配穴法,腹部为阴,腰背为阳,前后配穴法可起到“从阳引阴”亦可“从阴引阳”的作用,以达到调节阴阳,调和脏法,调畅经络的目的。     

改良眶隔法和传统睑板法切开重睑术的术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率比较研究

目的 比较改良眶隔法和传统睑板法切开重睑术中的应用效果及对术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率的影响。方法 选取2020年3月-2021年3月首都医疗爱育华医院收治的80例单睑患者，采用随机数字表法将其分对照组和观察组，各40例。对照组接受传统睑板法切开重睑术，观察组接受改良眶隔法切开重睑术，比较两组术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率、并发症发生率。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组GAIS评分高于对照组，VAS评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组右侧角膜暴露率增加值、左侧角膜暴露率增加值高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组并发症发生率为5.00%，低于对照组的22.50%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 相比于传统睑板法切开重睑术，改良眶隔法切开重睑术不会过度增加术后角膜暴露率，术后瘢痕发生率更低，重睑形态更理想，患者接受度更高。     

Cold-passaged isolates and bat-swine influenza a chimeric viruses as modified live-attenuated vaccines against influenza a viruses in pigs

Swine influenza A virus (swIAV) infections in pig populations cause considerable morbidity and economic losses. Frequent reverse zoonotic incursions of human IAV boost reassortment opportunities with authentic porcine and avian-like IAV in swine herds potentially enhancing zoonotic and even pre-pandemic potential. Vaccination using adjuvanted inactivated full virus vaccines is frequently used in attempting control of swIAV infections. Accelerated antigenic drift of swIAV in large swine holdings and interference of maternal antibodies with vaccine in piglets can compromise these efforts. Potentially more efficacious modified live-attenuated vaccines (MLVs) bear the risk of reversion of MLV to virulence. Here we evaluated new MLV candidates based on cold-passaged swIAV or on reassortment-incompetent bat-IAV-swIAV chimeric viruses. Serial cold-passaging of various swIAV subtypes did not yield unambiguously temperature-sensitive mutants although safety studies in mice and pigs suggested some degree of attenuation. Chimeric bat-swIAV expressing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of an avian-like H1N1, in contrast, proved to be safe in mice and pigs, and a single nasal inoculation induced protective immunity against homologous challenge in pigs. Reassortant-incompetent chimeric bat-swIAV vaccines could aid in reducing the amount of swIAV circulating in pig populations, thereby increasing animal welfare, limiting economic losses and lowering the risk of zoonotic swIAV transmission.     

Reliability of Modified Harris Hip Score as a tool for outcome evaluation of Total Hip Replacements in Indian population

BackgroundStandard Harris Hip Score (HHS) is a validated tool, to measure the functional status of an individual and has been traditionally used to assess the condition of a patient with hip pathologies. Harris hip score in its standard form includes a physician’s physical examination component which has a high inter-observer variability. A modified version of HHS (MHHS) was devised and brought into use, but has not been validated as an outcome measure, post total hip replacement (THR) in Indian population.Methods101 patients with 122 hips for whom THR was done, were followed up, and HHS and MHHS were recorded at a minimum followup of 6 months.ResultsThe mean MHHS was 78.97 with a standard deviation of 15.017. There was positive correlation between the two functional outcome scores with a p value of 0.001. MHHS was found to be reliable with a significant intraclass correlation coefficient (p = 0.001).ConclusionMHHS is a reliable and valid tool to measure functional outcome in patients undergoing Total Hip Replacements.     

采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者疗效研究*

目的 探讨采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者的疗效及其对门脉血流动力学指标的影响。方法 回忆性分析2013年5月~2015年5月期间我院治疗的56例肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者的临床资料,手术前后采取玻璃管水柱法测量自由门静脉压（FPP）,采用吲哚氰绿15分钟潴留率(ICGR15)检测肝脏储备功能,计算肝脏有效血流（ELBF）,使用B超检测门脉内径、门静脉血流量（PVF）、肝动脉血流（HAF）和肝总血流量（THF）的变化。结果 经过改良的Sugiura术治疗,56例患者手术成功,出现肺部感染和胸腔积液4例,切口感染2例,门静脉血栓形成5例,吻合口狭窄4例,胃瘘1例。经充分引流、营养支持、抗感染、补充白蛋白或输注血浆等对症支持治疗,病情逐步缓解或痊愈;术后FPP水平为（21.3±3.4） cmH₂O,显著低于术前水平【（32.5±5.0）cmH2O,P<0.05】;在术后,56例患者EHBF、THF和PVF水平分别为（0.5±0.1） ml/min、（1481.1±354.0） ml/min和（1046.1±258.0） ml/min,在术后3 m,分别为（0.5±0.3）ml/min、（1574.1±326.0） ml/min和（1131.0±304.1） ml/min,均显著低于术前水平 [分别为（0.7±0.3） ml/min、（1891.0±392.1） ml/min和（1523.1±291.1）ml/min,P<0.05];术后HAF水平为 （435.0±142.1） ml/min,术后3 m时为（443.0±183.1） ml/min,均显著高于术前水平【（368.1±139.1）ml/min,P<0.05】;术后患者ICGR15为（22.7±7.9）%, 显著高于术前的（19.3±5.5）%,差异显著（F=7.327,P<0.05）;手术前后门静脉内径变化差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后1 m和术后3 m,患者血清白蛋白水平大幅升高【分别为（35.2±2.3） g/L和（36.8±1.7） g/L对（31.8±1.7） g/L,P<0.05】;在术后1 m时,患者外周血PLT和WBC计数分别为（144.5±7.2）×10⁹/L和（13.8±0.6）×10⁹/L,在术后3 m时则分别为（98.1±10.6）×10⁹/L和（4.2±0.8）×10⁹/L,均显著高于术前水平【分别为（75.3±6.7）×10⁹/L和（3.4±0.3）×10⁹/L,P<0.05】。结论 采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者能够改善肝功能、血细胞和门脉系统血流动力学指标,降低门静脉压力,对防治病情恶化和消化道出血有帮助,其远期疗效还有待观察。     

Assessing the CT findings and clinical course of ED patients with first-time versus recurrent acute pancreatitis

Study objectives

The primary objective of this study was to compare Emergency Department patients with first-time versus recurrent acute pancreatitis.

加味黄芪建中汤治疗脾阳虚型胃肠功能紊乱临床研究

目的:观察加味黄芪建中汤治疗脾阳虚型功能性胃肠功能紊乱的临床疗效。方法:将患者随机分成2组,对照组用枸橼酸莫沙比利治疗,治疗组运用枸橼酸莫沙比利治疗的基础上加用加味黄芪建中汤治疗,均治疗共4疗程。观察临床疗效及中医症状评分情况。结果:对照组有5例患者失访,疗效结束后显效率治疗组36.0%,对照组20.0%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后2组胃脘痞满、食欲减退、神疲乏力评分与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组胃脘痞满、食欲减退以及神疲乏力等评分分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:加味黄芪建中汤能改善脾阳虚型胃肠功能紊乱的症状,有良好的临床疗效,优于单纯使用枸橼酸莫沙必利治疗。